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Science 12 January 1996:
Vol. 271. no. 5246, pp. 173 - 178
DOI: 10.1126/science.271.5246.173

Articles

Immunology Taught by Viruses

Rolf M. Zinkernagel

The survival of viruses depends on the survival of susceptible hosts. The vertebrate immune system and viruses have therefore coevolved complementary facets. Evidence from various balanced virus-host relationships illustrates that immunological specificity and memory may best be defined biologically and that the mature immune system does not discriminate between ``self'' and ``nonself.'' Rather, B cells distinguish antigen patterns, whereas T cell responses depend on localization, transport, and kinetics of antigen within lymphatic organs.


The author is at the Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich, Schmelzbergstrasse 12,CH-8091 Zurich, Switzerland.


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Immune responses against human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 virus-like particles in a cohort study of women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. I. Differential T-helper and IgG responses in relation to HPV infection and disease outcome.
T. de Gruijl, H. Bontkes, J. Walboomers, P Coursaget, M. Stukart, C Dupuy, E Kueter, R. Verheijen, T. Helmerhorst, M. Duggan-Keen, et al. (1999)
J. Gen. Virol. 80, 399-408
   Abstract »
AIDS Vaccination Studies Using an Ex Vivo Feline Immunodeficiency Virus Model: Detailed Analysis of the Humoral Immune Response to a Protective Vaccine.
P. Mazzetti, S. Giannecchini, D. Del Mauro, D. Matteucci, P. Portincasa, A. Merico, C. Chezzi, and M. Bendinelli (1999)
J. Virol. 73, 1-10
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Three Signals and a Master Switch in the Regulation of T-cell Immunity.
A. LANZAVECCHIA (1999)
Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol 64, 253-258
   Abstract »    PDF »
Antigen Localization and Migration in Immunity and Tolerance.
T. E. Starzl and R. M. Zinkernagel (1998)
N. Engl. J. Med. 339, 1905-1913
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Identification of -Dystroglycan as a Receptor for Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus and Lassa Fever Virus.
W. Cao, M. D. Henry, P. Borrow, H. Yamada, J. H. Elder, E. V. Ravkov, S. T. Nichol, R. W. Compans, K. P. Campbell, and M. B. Oldstone (1998)
Science 282, 2079-2081
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Coronavirus Pseudoparticles Formed with Recombinant M and E Proteins Induce Alpha Interferon Synthesis by Leukocytes.
P. Baudoux, C. Carrat, L. Besnardeau, B. Charley, and H. Laude (1998)
J. Virol. 72, 8636-8643
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B Cell Deletion, Anergy, and Receptor Editing in ""Knock In"" Mice Targeted with a Germline-Encoded or Somatically Mutated Anti-DNA Heavy Chain.
Y. Pewzner-Jung, D. Friedmann, E. Sonoda, S. Jung, K. Rajewsky, and D. Eilat (1998)
J. Immunol. 161, 4634-4645
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Dendritic Cells Induce Autoimmune Diabetes and Maintain Disease via De Novo Formation of Local Lymphoid Tissue.
B. Ludewig, B. Odermatt, S. Landmann, H. Hengartner, and R. M. Zinkernagel (1998)
J. Exp. Med. 188, 1493-1501
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Apoptotic Regulation of T Cells and Absence of Immune Deficiency in Virus-Infected Gamma Interferon Receptor Knockout Mice.
B. L. Lohman and R. M. Welsh (1998)
J. Virol. 72, 7815-7821
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Common Themes of Antibody Maturation to Simian Immunodeficiency Virus, Simian-Human Immunodeficiency Virus, and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infections.
K. S. Cole, M. Murphey-Corb, O. Narayan, S. V. Joag, G. M. Shaw, and R. C. Montelaro (1998)
J. Virol. 72, 7852-7859
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Protection against Lethal Encephalomyocarditis Virus Infection in the Absence of Serum-Neutralizing Antibodies.
Z. C. Neal and G. A. Splitter (1998)
J. Virol. 72, 8052-8060
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