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Science 5 July 1996:
Vol. 273. no. 5271, pp. 104 - 106
DOI: 10.1126/science.273.5271.104
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Reports

T Cell Activation Determined by T Cell Receptor Number and Tunable Thresholds

Antonella Viola and Antonio Lanzavecchia *

The requirements for T cell activation have been reported to vary widely depending on the state of the T cell, the type of antigen-presenting cell, and the nature of the T cell receptor (TCR) ligand. A unitary requirement for T cell responses was revealed by measurement of the number of triggered TCRs. Irrespective of the nature of the triggering ligand, T cells "counted" the number of triggered TCRs and responded when a threshold of sim 8000 TCRs was reached. The capacity to reach the activation threshold was severely compromised by a reduction in the number of TCRs. Costimulatory signals lowered the activation threshold to sim 1500 TCRs, thus making T cells more sensitive to antigenic stimulation.

Basel Institute for Immunology, Grenzacherstrasse 487, CH 4005 Basel, Switzerland.
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: Lanzavecchia{at}bii.ch


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J. Immunol. 169, 2236-2240
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A Panel of Candidate Tumor Antigens in Colorectal Cancer Revealed by the Serological Selection of a Phage Displayed cDNA Expression Library.
V. A. Somers, R. J. Brandwijk, B. Joosten, P. T. Moerkerk, J.-W. Arends, P. Menheere, W. O. Pieterse, A. Claessen, R. J. Scheper, H. R. Hoogenboom, et al. (2002)
J. Immunol. 169, 2772-2780
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CD28 Costimulation: A Source of Vav-1 for TCR Signaling with the Help of SLP-76?.
F. Michel and O. Acuto (2002)
Sci. STKE 2002, pe35
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Direct Ex Vivo Analysis of Human CD4+ Memory T Cell Activation Requirements at the Single Clonotype Level.
A. D. Bitmansour, D. C. Douek, V. C. Maino, and L. J. Picker (2002)
J. Immunol. 169, 1207-1218
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A Role for Inducible Costimulator Protein in the CD28- Independent Mechanism of Resistance to Toxoplasma gondii.
E. N. Villegas, L. A. Lieberman, N. Mason, S. L. Blass, V. P. Zediak, R. Peach, T. Horan, S. Yoshinaga, and C. A. Hunter (2002)
J. Immunol. 169, 937-943
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Serial Triggering of T Cell Receptors Results in Incremental Accumulation of Signaling Intermediates.
Z. Borovsky, G. Mishan-Eisenberg, E. Yaniv, and J. Rachmilewitz (2002)
J. Biol. Chem. 277, 21529-21536
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