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Science 21 October 2005:
Vol. 310. no. 5747, pp. 499 - 501
DOI: 10.1126/science.1115649
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Reports

The Biochemical Architecture of an Ancient Adaptive Landscape

Mark Lunzer,1 Stephen P. Miller,1 Roderick Felsheim,1,2 Antony M. Dean1,3*

Molecular evolution is moving from statistical descriptions of adaptive molecular changes toward predicting the fitness effects of mutations. Here, we characterize the fitness landscape of the six amino acids controlling coenzyme use in isopropylmalate dehydrogenase (IMDH). Although all natural IMDHs use nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) as a coenzyme, they can be engineered to use nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP) instead. Intermediates between these two phenotypic extremes show that each amino acid contributes additively to enzyme function, with epistatic contributions confined to fitness. The genotype-phenotype-fitness map shows that NAD use is a global optimum.

1 BioTechnology Institute
2 Department of Entomology
3 Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA.

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: adean{at}biosci.umn.edu

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THIS ARTICLE HAS BEEN CITED BY OTHER ARTICLES:
Impact of Individual Mutations on Increased Fitness in Adaptively Evolved Strains of Escherichia coli.
M. K. Applebee, M. J. Herrgard, and B. O. Palsson (2008)
J. Bacteriol. 190, 5087-5094
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Frequency of Fitness Peak Shifts Is Increased at Expanding Range Margins Due to Mutation Surfing.
O. J. Burton and J. M. J. Travis (2008)
Genetics 179, 941-950
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Crystal Structure of an Ancient Protein: Evolution by Conformational Epistasis.
E. A. Ortlund, J. T. Bridgham, M. R. Redinbo, and J. W. Thornton (2007)
Science 317, 1544-1548
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Deterministic and Stochastic Regimes of Asexual Evolution on Rugged Fitness Landscapes.
K. Jain and J. Krug (2007)
Genetics 175, 1275-1288
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A sex-linked allele, autosomal modifiers and temperature-dependence appear to regulate melanism in male mosquitofish (Gambusia holbrooki).
L. Horth (2006)
J. Exp. Biol. 209, 4938-4945
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Direct demonstration of an adaptive constraint..
S. P. Miller, M. Lunzer, and A. M. Dean (2006)
Science 314, 458-461
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
From the Cover: Functionally diverging molecular quasi-species evolve by crossing two enzymes.
L. O. Emren, S. Kurtovic, A. Runarsdottir, A.-K. Larsson, and B. Mannervik (2006)
PNAS 103, 10866-10870
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Darwinian evolution can follow only very few mutational paths to fitter proteins..
D. M. Weinreich, N. F. Delaney, M. A. DePristo, and D. L. Hartl (2006)
Science 312, 111-114
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
An equivalence principle for the incorporation of favorable mutations in asexual populations..
M. Hegreness, N. Shoresh, D. Hartl, and R. Kishony (2006)
Science 311, 1615-1617
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »


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Science. ISSN 0036-8075 (print), 1095-9203 (online)